washington was infuriated. but this indicated a real problem. because if you didn't, the constitution does, wait into force when nine states ratified. if he didn't have virginia or new york, it didn't work. and so it came about, one of the great informal agreements in american legal history, there was an agreement, and in formal agreement, that if the constitution were ratified as written by the 1787 convention, that there would be a bill of rights. and statesmen, and they were statesmen in those days, kept their word. and so we had a bill of rights. and the result is we have a hamiltonian structure and a jeffersonian bill of rights. and i will mention just a few things about each of those. into force structure, they were different structures. but, of course, when the principal ones was the separation of powers and checks and balances. we use those terms often interchangeably. say separation of power check and balances. but they have a different trust. separation of powers teachers that each branch of the government has a certain autonomy on its